The first confirmed case of Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) in New York in nearly a decade has tragically resulted in the death of an Ulster County resident, prompting Governor Kathy Hochul to declare the mosquito-borne viral illness a public health threat. The rare virus, commonly known as EEE, has been reported in only ten cases across the U.S. this year, making it a disease that sparks concern due to its severe health risks.
What Is Eastern Equine Encephalitis?
Eastern equine encephalitis is a rare but serious viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. The virus primarily affects horses and birds but can infect humans, leading to severe neurological conditions. In about 30% of human cases, the infection is fatal.
EEE symptoms in humans typically begin 4 to 10 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. These include:
Fever and chills
Headache
Vomiting
Disorientation
Seizures
Coma
In severe cases, the infection leads to inflammation of the brain (encephalitis), which can result in long-term neurological damage or death.
Details of the New York Case
The confirmed death in New York involved a resident of Ulster County, marking the state’s first human case of EEE since 2015. As of now, the identity of the individual has not been released by state or local officials. The case was confirmed on September 20, 2024, and unfortunately, the resident succumbed to the illness, which has a fatality rate of about 30% in humans.
Governor Hochul responded swiftly, declaring the illness a public health threat and announcing measures aimed at reducing the risk of further infections. This marks the second death linked to EEE in the U.S. this year, following the death of a 41-year-old man in New Hampshire in August. Human cases of the disease have also been reported this year in Massachusetts, New Jersey, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Wisconsin, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
State Response and Preventative Measures
To combat the spread of EEE, Governor Hochul outlined several steps New York State officials are taking to reduce the risk of exposure to the virus. These include:
Distribution of Mosquito Repellent: The state’s parks agency will provide mosquito repellent at its offices, visitor centers, and campgrounds.
Raising Awareness: Signs will be posted at parks and historic sites to inform visitors about the risks of EEE.
Consulting Local Health Departments: The state will work with local health departments to potentially limit park hours and camping during peak mosquito activity times.
These measures come as part of an effort to protect the public, particularly in mosquito-prone areas.
Where EEE Has Been Reported in 2024
As of September 17, 2024, ten cases of EEE had been reported across the U.S., according to the CDC. These cases span multiple states, including:
New York
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
New Jersey
Rhode Island
Vermont
Wisconsin
While EEE remains rare, it is a potentially deadly illness with no specific treatment or vaccine for humans. Prevention is the most effective way to reduce the risk of infection, which underscores the importance of taking necessary precautions, especially in areas where
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